@font-face {
  font-family: "Pretendard Variable";
  src: url("../fonts/PretendardVariable.woff2") format("woff2-variations");
  font-style: normal;
  font-weight: 45 920;
  font-display: swap;
}

:root {
  --paper: #f4f1e9;
  --paper-strong: #ebe6da;
  --white: #fffdf8;
  --ink: #101423;
  --ink-soft: #34394a;
  --muted: #686d7d;
  --line: rgba(16, 20, 35, 0.16);
  --line-strong: rgba(16, 20, 35, 0.32);
  --cobalt: #4353ff;
  --cobalt-dark: #2935c9;
  --lime: #caff55;
  --coral: #ff725f;
  --cyan: #65dbe4;
  --night: #0b1020;
  --night-soft: #161d34;
  --shadow: 0 28px 80px rgba(25, 30, 50, 0.12);
  --radius-sm: 0.75rem;
  --radius-md: 1.5rem;
  --radius-lg: 2.5rem;
  --max: 1440px;
  --gutter: clamp(1.25rem, 4vw, 4.75rem);
  --sans: "Pretendard Variable", Pretendard, Inter, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", "Noto Sans KR", sans-serif;
  --serif: "Iowan Old Style", "Noto Serif KR", "Times New Roman", serif;
  color-scheme: light;
}

* {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
  background: var(--paper);
}

body {
  margin: 0;
  background:
    radial-gradient(circle at 8% 0%, rgba(101, 219, 228, 0.13), transparent 27rem),
    var(--paper);
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 1rem;
  line-height: 1.65;
  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
}

body.menu-open {
  overflow: hidden;
}

img,
svg,
video {
  display: block;
  max-width: 100%;
}

img {
  height: auto;
}

a {
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration-thickness: 0.08em;
  text-underline-offset: 0.22em;
}

button,
input,
textarea,
select {
  font: inherit;
}

button,
a {
  -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;
}

::selection {
  background: var(--lime);
  color: var(--night);
}

:focus-visible {
  outline: 3px solid var(--coral);
  outline-offset: 4px;
}

.skip-link {
  position: fixed;
  inset: 0 auto auto 1rem;
  z-index: 1000;
  transform: translateY(-130%);
  border-radius: 0 0 var(--radius-sm) var(--radius-sm);
  background: var(--night);
  color: white;
  padding: 0.8rem 1rem;
  transition: transform 180ms ease;
}

.skip-link:focus {
  transform: translateY(0);
}

.lang-ko,
.lang-en {
  display: contents;
}

html[data-lang="ko"] .lang-en,
html[data-lang="en"] .lang-ko {
  display: none !important;
}

.shell {
  width: min(100%, var(--max));
  margin-inline: auto;
  padding-inline: var(--gutter);
}

.site-header {
  position: fixed;
  inset: 0 0 auto;
  z-index: 100;
  border-bottom: 1px solid transparent;
  transition: background 180ms ease, border-color 180ms ease, backdrop-filter 180ms ease;
}

.site-header.is-scrolled,
.case-page .site-header {
  border-color: var(--line);
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--paper) 86%, transparent);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(18px);
  backdrop-filter: blur(18px);
}

.header-inner {
  display: flex;
  min-height: 5rem;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 2rem;
}

.wordmark {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.72rem;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.11em;
  line-height: 1.1;
  text-decoration: none;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.wordmark-mark {
  position: relative;
  width: 1.8rem;
  height: 1.8rem;
  flex: none;
  border: 2px solid currentColor;
  border-radius: 50%;
}

.wordmark-mark::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  width: 0.44rem;
  height: 0.44rem;
  top: 50%;
  left: 50%;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--coral);
  transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
}

.nav-cluster,
.site-nav,
.nav-actions {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
}

.nav-cluster {
  gap: clamp(1rem, 2.4vw, 2.4rem);
}

.site-nav {
  gap: clamp(1rem, 2vw, 2.1rem);
}

.site-nav a {
  position: relative;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  font-weight: 650;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.site-nav a::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: auto 0 -0.45rem;
  height: 2px;
  background: var(--cobalt);
  transform: scaleX(0);
  transform-origin: right;
  transition: transform 180ms ease;
}

.site-nav a:hover::after,
.site-nav a[aria-current="page"]::after {
  transform: scaleX(1);
  transform-origin: left;
}

.nav-actions {
  gap: 0.65rem;
}

.language-switcher {
  display: inline-grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  padding: 0.2rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 999px;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.45);
}

.language-switcher button {
  min-width: 2.55rem;
  border: 0;
  border-radius: 999px;
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--muted);
  cursor: pointer;
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  line-height: 1;
  padding: 0.55rem 0.5rem;
}

.language-switcher button[aria-pressed="true"] {
  background: var(--ink);
  color: white;
}

.menu-toggle {
  display: none;
  width: 2.8rem;
  height: 2.8rem;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--ink);
  cursor: pointer;
}

.menu-toggle span,
.menu-toggle span::before,
.menu-toggle span::after {
  display: block;
  width: 1rem;
  height: 1.5px;
  background: currentColor;
  content: "";
  transition: transform 180ms ease, opacity 180ms ease;
}

.menu-toggle span {
  position: relative;
}

.menu-toggle span::before {
  position: absolute;
  transform: translateY(-0.32rem);
}

.menu-toggle span::after {
  position: absolute;
  transform: translateY(0.32rem);
}

.menu-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] span {
  background: transparent;
}

.menu-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] span::before {
  transform: rotate(45deg);
}

.menu-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] span::after {
  transform: rotate(-45deg);
}

.scroll-progress {
  position: absolute;
  inset: auto 0 -1px;
  height: 2px;
  background: var(--coral);
  transform: scaleX(0);
  transform-origin: left;
}

main {
  overflow: clip;
}

.hero {
  position: relative;
  min-height: 100svh;
  display: grid;
  align-items: center;
  padding-block: clamp(8.5rem, 13vw, 11rem) clamp(5rem, 8vw, 8rem);
}

.hero::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: auto 0 0;
  height: 1px;
  background: var(--line);
}

.hero-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.12fr) minmax(20rem, 0.88fr);
  align-items: center;
  gap: clamp(2.5rem, 7vw, 7rem);
}

.eyebrow {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.65rem;
  margin: 0 0 1.4rem;
  color: var(--cobalt-dark);
  font-size: 0.77rem;
  font-weight: 850;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.eyebrow::before {
  width: 2.4rem;
  height: 2px;
  background: currentColor;
  content: "";
}

.display-title {
  max-width: 12ch;
  margin: 0;
  font-size: clamp(3.4rem, 7.4vw, 7.7rem);
  font-weight: 730;
  letter-spacing: -0.065em;
  line-height: 0.91;
}

.display-title .serif {
  color: var(--cobalt);
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-style: italic;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: -0.055em;
}

.hero-copy {
  max-width: 45rem;
  margin: clamp(1.8rem, 3vw, 2.8rem) 0 0;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-size: clamp(1.08rem, 1.4vw, 1.35rem);
  line-height: 1.55;
}

.hero-actions,
.button-row {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.8rem;
  margin-top: 2rem;
}

.button {
  display: inline-flex;
  min-height: 3.25rem;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 0.65rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--ink);
  border-radius: 999px;
  background: var(--ink);
  color: white;
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  font-weight: 780;
  padding: 0.8rem 1.25rem;
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: transform 180ms ease, background 180ms ease, color 180ms ease, box-shadow 180ms ease;
}

.button::after {
  content: "↗";
  font-size: 1.05em;
}

.button:hover {
  box-shadow: 0 10px 25px rgba(16, 20, 35, 0.18);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.button.secondary {
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--ink);
}

.button.secondary:hover {
  background: var(--white);
}

.button.compact {
  min-height: 2.8rem;
  padding: 0.6rem 1rem;
}

.orbit-stage {
  position: relative;
  aspect-ratio: 1 / 1.03;
  width: min(100%, 39rem);
  justify-self: end;
  isolation: isolate;
}

.orbit-stage::before,
.orbit-stage::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  border-radius: 50%;
}

.orbit-stage::before {
  inset: 7% 8% 9% 6%;
  border: 1px solid rgba(67, 83, 255, 0.38);
  box-shadow:
    0 0 0 2.1rem rgba(67, 83, 255, 0.035),
    0 0 0 5.5rem rgba(67, 83, 255, 0.025);
  animation: orbit-breathe 7s ease-in-out infinite;
}

.orbit-stage::after {
  width: 0.9rem;
  height: 0.9rem;
  top: 4%;
  right: 27%;
  background: var(--coral);
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.5rem rgba(255, 114, 95, 0.16);
}

.orbit-core,
.orbit-panel {
  position: absolute;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.34);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
}

.orbit-core {
  inset: 17% 14% 13% 18%;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background:
    radial-gradient(circle at 50% 50%, transparent 0 21%, rgba(202, 255, 85, 0.95) 21.5% 22.5%, transparent 23% 37%, rgba(101, 219, 228, 0.75) 37.5% 38.5%, transparent 39%),
    radial-gradient(circle at 34% 29%, #303b8c, #111933 68%);
}

.orbit-core::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: 12%;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background:
    repeating-conic-gradient(from 30deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2) 0 1deg, transparent 1deg 18deg);
  -webkit-mask: radial-gradient(circle, transparent 0 58%, #000 59% 100%);
  mask: radial-gradient(circle, transparent 0 58%, #000 59% 100%);
  animation: spin 28s linear infinite;
}

.orbit-core::after {
  content: "UX\A +\A DATA";
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  color: white;
  font-size: clamp(1.4rem, 3.3vw, 3rem);
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: -0.04em;
  line-height: 0.9;
  text-align: center;
  white-space: pre;
}

.orbit-panel {
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--white);
}

.orbit-panel.one {
  width: 27%;
  aspect-ratio: 1;
  top: 3%;
  left: 0;
  background:
    linear-gradient(135deg, transparent 48%, rgba(16, 20, 35, 0.15) 49% 51%, transparent 52%),
    var(--lime);
}

.orbit-panel.one::after {
  content: "15+";
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  color: var(--night);
  font-size: clamp(1.3rem, 3vw, 2.7rem);
  font-weight: 860;
}

.orbit-panel.two {
  width: 24%;
  aspect-ratio: 1;
  right: 0;
  bottom: 3%;
  background:
    radial-gradient(circle at 30% 70%, var(--coral) 0 6%, transparent 7%),
    radial-gradient(circle at 58% 34%, var(--cyan) 0 6%, transparent 7%),
    radial-gradient(circle at 72% 67%, var(--lime) 0 6%, transparent 7%),
    linear-gradient(145deg, var(--cobalt), #151d51);
}

.orbit-panel.three {
  width: 14%;
  aspect-ratio: 1;
  left: 3%;
  bottom: 14%;
  background: var(--coral);
}

.orbit-caption {
  position: absolute;
  right: 4%;
  top: 15%;
  z-index: -1;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  font-weight: 750;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  writing-mode: vertical-rl;
}

@keyframes spin {
  to { transform: rotate(1turn); }
}

@keyframes orbit-breathe {
  0%, 100% { transform: scale(1); }
  50% { transform: scale(1.025); }
}

.section {
  padding-block: clamp(5.5rem, 10vw, 10rem);
}

.section.tight {
  padding-block: clamp(3.8rem, 6vw, 6rem);
}

.section.dark {
  background: var(--night);
  color: white;
}

.section.cobalt {
  background: var(--cobalt);
  color: white;
}

.section-head {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 0.65fr) minmax(18rem, 0.35fr);
  align-items: end;
  gap: 2rem;
  margin-bottom: clamp(2.8rem, 6vw, 5rem);
}

.section-kicker {
  margin: 0 0 0.85rem;
  color: var(--cobalt-dark);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 850;
  letter-spacing: 0.13em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.dark .section-kicker,
.cobalt .section-kicker {
  color: var(--lime);
}

.section-title {
  max-width: 14ch;
  margin: 0;
  font-size: clamp(2.55rem, 5.2vw, 5.5rem);
  font-weight: 720;
  letter-spacing: -0.055em;
  line-height: 0.98;
}

.section-lede {
  max-width: 35rem;
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: clamp(1rem, 1.3vw, 1.2rem);
}

.dark .section-lede,
.cobalt .section-lede {
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.72);
}

.impact-strip {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));
  border-block: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.impact-item {
  min-height: 12.5rem;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 2rem;
  border-right: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding: clamp(1.3rem, 2.4vw, 2.2rem);
}

.impact-item:last-child {
  border-right: 0;
}

.impact-value {
  font-size: clamp(2.8rem, 5vw, 5.3rem);
  font-weight: 780;
  letter-spacing: -0.07em;
  line-height: 0.9;
}

.impact-label {
  max-width: 18rem;
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.88rem;
}

.project-list {
  display: grid;
  gap: clamp(2rem, 5vw, 5.5rem);
}

.project-feature {
  position: relative;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(18rem, 0.78fr) minmax(0, 1.22fr);
  min-height: clamp(34rem, 55vw, 47rem);
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  background: var(--white);
  box-shadow: 0 18px 50px rgba(27, 32, 54, 0.06);
}

.project-feature.media-left {
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.22fr) minmax(18rem, 0.78fr);
}

.project-feature.is-dark {
  border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15);
  background: var(--night);
  color: white;
}

.project-feature.is-cobalt {
  border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.18);
  background: var(--cobalt);
  color: white;
}

.project-copy {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 2rem;
  padding: clamp(2rem, 5vw, 5rem);
}

.project-index {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.8rem;
  color: var(--cobalt-dark);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 850;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.project-index::after {
  width: 3rem;
  height: 1px;
  background: currentColor;
  content: "";
}

.is-dark .project-index,
.is-cobalt .project-index {
  color: var(--lime);
}

.project-title {
  max-width: 10ch;
  margin: 1.8rem 0 1rem;
  font-size: clamp(2.55rem, 5vw, 5.4rem);
  font-weight: 730;
  letter-spacing: -0.06em;
  line-height: 0.94;
}

.project-summary {
  max-width: 34rem;
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-size: clamp(1rem, 1.3vw, 1.2rem);
}

.is-dark .project-summary,
.is-cobalt .project-summary {
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.75);
}

.project-meta {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.55rem 1.2rem;
  margin-top: 1.8rem;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.is-dark .project-meta,
.is-cobalt .project-meta {
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.58);
}

.project-link {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.7rem;
  align-self: flex-start;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  font-weight: 820;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.project-link span:last-child {
  display: grid;
  width: 2.7rem;
  height: 2.7rem;
  place-items: center;
  border: 1px solid currentColor;
  border-radius: 50%;
  transition: transform 180ms ease, background 180ms ease, color 180ms ease;
}

.project-link:hover span:last-child {
  background: currentColor;
  color: var(--white);
  transform: rotate(45deg);
}

.is-dark .project-link:hover span:last-child,
.is-cobalt .project-link:hover span:last-child {
  color: var(--night);
}

.project-media {
  position: relative;
  min-height: 28rem;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: var(--paper-strong);
}

.project-media > img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  transition: transform 800ms cubic-bezier(.2,.75,.2,1);
}

.project-feature:hover .project-media > img {
  transform: scale(1.035);
}

.project-media.contain > img {
  object-fit: contain;
  padding: clamp(1rem, 4vw, 4rem);
}

.project-media.tizen-card-media,
.case-visual.tizen-visual {
  background:
    radial-gradient(circle at 68% 24%, rgba(101, 219, 228, 0.22), transparent 28%),
    linear-gradient(145deg, #151e43, var(--night));
}

.project-media.tizen-card-media > img,
.case-visual.tizen-visual img {
  filter: drop-shadow(0 1.5rem 2.5rem rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.32));
}

.project-media::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  pointer-events: none;
  background: linear-gradient(145deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08), transparent 48%);
}

.data-visual {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  background:
    linear-gradient(rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.055) 1px, transparent 1px),
    linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.055) 1px, transparent 1px),
    radial-gradient(circle at 75% 25%, rgba(101, 219, 228, 0.32), transparent 28%),
    var(--night-soft);
  background-size: 3rem 3rem, 3rem 3rem, auto, auto;
}

.data-visual::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  width: 78%;
  height: 42%;
  left: 10%;
  top: 28%;
  border-top: 3px solid var(--lime);
  border-radius: 50%;
  box-shadow:
    4rem -2.3rem 0 -3.85rem var(--cyan),
    9rem 1.1rem 0 -3.85rem var(--coral),
    15rem -3.2rem 0 -3.85rem var(--lime),
    21rem -0.1rem 0 -3.85rem var(--cyan);
  transform: rotate(-8deg);
}

.data-visual::after {
  content: "75.78%\A TOP ACCURACY";
  position: absolute;
  right: 8%;
  bottom: 8%;
  color: white;
  font-size: clamp(1.1rem, 2vw, 2rem);
  font-weight: 850;
  letter-spacing: -0.03em;
  line-height: 1;
  white-space: pre;
}

.ecosystem-stage {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  background:
    radial-gradient(circle at 58% 45%, rgba(101, 219, 228, 0.2), transparent 17rem),
    linear-gradient(145deg, #111a36, #080c17 68%);
}

.ecosystem-stage::before,
.ecosystem-stage::after {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 50% auto auto 50%;
  width: min(72%, 32rem);
  aspect-ratio: 1;
  border: 1px solid rgba(202, 255, 85, 0.22);
  border-radius: 50%;
  content: "";
  transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
}

.ecosystem-stage::after {
  width: min(43%, 18rem);
  border-color: rgba(101, 219, 228, 0.26);
}

.device-node {
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 2;
  display: grid;
  width: clamp(5.3rem, 11vw, 8.5rem);
  aspect-ratio: 1;
  place-items: center;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
  box-shadow: 0 1.5rem 4rem rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.28);
  color: white;
  font-size: clamp(0.72rem, 1.2vw, 0.92rem);
  font-weight: 820;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(16px);
  backdrop-filter: blur(16px);
}

.device-node::before {
  position: absolute;
  inset: -0.45rem;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.11);
  border-radius: inherit;
  content: "";
}

.device-node.phone { left: 12%; top: 20%; background: rgba(67, 83, 255, 0.46); }
.device-node.watch { left: 46%; top: 36%; width: clamp(7.2rem, 15vw, 11rem); background: rgba(202, 255, 85, 0.16); color: var(--lime); }
.device-node.buds { right: 10%; top: 16%; background: rgba(101, 219, 228, 0.17); }
.device-node.ring { right: 14%; bottom: 12%; background: rgba(255, 114, 95, 0.2); }

.ecosystem-label {
  position: absolute;
  left: 8%;
  bottom: 8%;
  z-index: 3;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);
  font-size: 0.68rem;
  font-weight: 780;
  letter-spacing: 0.13em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.generated-visual-note {
  position: absolute;
  right: 1rem;
  bottom: 1rem;
  z-index: 2;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
  border-radius: 999px;
  background: rgba(7, 11, 21, 0.58);
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.75);
  font-size: 0.66rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  padding: 0.42rem 0.68rem;
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
  backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
}

.method-flow {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 1px;
  margin-top: 2.2rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: var(--line);
}

.method-step {
  min-height: 13rem;
  background: var(--paper);
  padding: 1.4rem;
}

.method-step .index {
  color: var(--cobalt-dark);
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  font-weight: 850;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
}

.method-step h3 {
  margin: 3.8rem 0 0.55rem;
  font-size: 1.25rem;
}

.method-step p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.84rem;
}

.model-architecture {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr auto 1fr auto 1fr;
  align-items: center;
  gap: clamp(0.7rem, 2vw, 1.5rem);
  margin-top: 2rem;
}

.model-block {
  min-height: 9rem;
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  background: var(--white);
  font-weight: 780;
  padding: 1rem;
  text-align: center;
}

.model-arrow {
  color: var(--cobalt-dark);
  font-size: 1.8rem;
}

.metric-chart {
  display: grid;
  gap: 1.15rem;
  margin-top: 2.4rem;
  border-block: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding-block: 2rem;
}

.metric-row {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(8rem, 0.28fr) minmax(0, 0.72fr) 5.5rem;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 1rem;
}

.metric-label {
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-size: 0.86rem;
  font-weight: 720;
}

.metric-track {
  height: 1.1rem;
  overflow: hidden;
  border-radius: 999px;
  background: rgba(16, 20, 35, 0.09);
}

.metric-bar {
  width: var(--value);
  height: 100%;
  border-radius: inherit;
  background: var(--cobalt);
}

.metric-row.best .metric-bar { background: var(--coral); }
.metric-row.middle .metric-bar { background: var(--cyan); }

.metric-value {
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  font-weight: 830;
  text-align: right;
}

.privacy-layers {
  position: relative;
  min-height: 27rem;
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  margin-top: 2rem;
  overflow: hidden;
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  background: var(--night);
}

.privacy-layers .layer {
  position: absolute;
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.22);
  border-radius: 50%;
  color: white;
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.privacy-layers .context { width: 75%; aspect-ratio: 1.7; background: rgba(67, 83, 255, 0.12); }
.privacy-layers .consent { width: 48%; aspect-ratio: 1.5; background: rgba(101, 219, 228, 0.12); }
.privacy-layers .control { width: 20%; aspect-ratio: 1; background: var(--lime); color: var(--night); }

.watch-pair {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 1rem;
}

.watch-pair figure {
  margin: 0;
}

.watch-screen {
  aspect-ratio: 1;
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  overflow: hidden;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: #06111b;
  box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 0.6rem #101827, 0 1.2rem 3rem rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.16);
}

.watch-screen img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
}

.watch-pair figcaption {
  margin-top: 0.65rem;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  text-align: center;
}

.lab-strip {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: auto minmax(0, 1fr) auto;
  align-items: center;
  gap: clamp(1rem, 3vw, 2.4rem);
  border-block: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding-block: 1.4rem;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.lab-strip:hover .lab-arrow {
  background: var(--ink);
  color: white;
  transform: rotate(45deg);
}

.lab-number {
  color: var(--cobalt-dark);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 850;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
}

.lab-title {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: clamp(1.45rem, 3vw, 2.6rem);
  font-weight: 720;
  letter-spacing: -0.035em;
}

.lab-caption {
  margin: 0.35rem 0 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.lab-arrow {
  display: grid;
  width: 3.25rem;
  height: 3.25rem;
  place-items: center;
  border: 1px solid var(--ink);
  border-radius: 50%;
  transition: transform 180ms ease, background 180ms ease, color 180ms ease;
}

.principles-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 1px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.16);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.16);
}

.principle {
  min-height: 22rem;
  background: var(--night);
  padding: clamp(1.8rem, 4vw, 3.8rem);
}

.principle-number {
  color: var(--lime);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 850;
  letter-spacing: 0.13em;
}

.principle h3 {
  max-width: 10ch;
  margin: 5rem 0 1.2rem;
  font-size: clamp(1.8rem, 3vw, 3.2rem);
  letter-spacing: -0.045em;
  line-height: 1;
}

.principle p {
  margin: 0;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.65);
}

.about-teaser {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(18rem, 0.78fr) minmax(0, 1.22fr);
  align-items: center;
  gap: clamp(2.5rem, 7vw, 7rem);
}

.portrait-frame {
  position: relative;
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 5;
  overflow: hidden;
  border-radius: min(20vw, 12rem) min(20vw, 12rem) var(--radius-lg) var(--radius-lg);
  background: var(--cobalt);
}

.portrait-frame img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  filter: saturate(0.82) contrast(1.04);
}

.portrait-frame::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  width: 5.5rem;
  height: 5.5rem;
  top: 8%;
  right: 7%;
  border: 1px solid white;
  border-radius: 50%;
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 1.2rem rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
}

.about-copy h2 {
  max-width: 13ch;
  margin: 0;
  font-size: clamp(2.6rem, 5.2vw, 5.4rem);
  font-weight: 720;
  letter-spacing: -0.055em;
  line-height: 0.98;
}

.about-copy .lead {
  max-width: 42rem;
  margin: 2rem 0 0;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-size: clamp(1.05rem, 1.4vw, 1.3rem);
}

.capability-line {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.6rem 1.25rem;
  margin: 2rem 0 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
}

.capability-line li {
  position: relative;
  padding-left: 1rem;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.87rem;
  font-weight: 700;
}

.capability-line li::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  width: 0.38rem;
  height: 0.38rem;
  top: 0.62em;
  left: 0;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--coral);
}

.page-hero,
.case-hero {
  position: relative;
  padding-block: clamp(10rem, 15vw, 14rem) clamp(4.5rem, 8vw, 8rem);
}

.page-hero::after,
.case-hero::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: auto 0 0;
  height: 1px;
  background: var(--line);
}

.page-title,
.case-title {
  max-width: 14ch;
  margin: 0;
  font-size: clamp(3.6rem, 8vw, 8.7rem);
  font-weight: 730;
  letter-spacing: -0.067em;
  line-height: 0.9;
}

.page-intro,
.case-intro {
  max-width: 48rem;
  margin: 2rem 0 0;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-size: clamp(1.1rem, 1.6vw, 1.45rem);
}

.case-hero-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.15fr) minmax(19rem, 0.85fr);
  align-items: end;
  gap: clamp(2rem, 7vw, 7rem);
}

.case-meta-list {
  margin: 0;
}

.case-meta-list > div {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 7.5rem minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 1rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding-block: 0.92rem;
}

.case-meta-list > div:last-child {
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.case-meta-list dt {
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.76rem;
  font-weight: 820;
  letter-spacing: 0.09em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.case-meta-list dd {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  font-weight: 640;
}

.case-visual {
  position: relative;
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 8.4;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: var(--night);
}

.case-visual img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
}

.case-visual.contain img {
  object-fit: contain;
  padding: clamp(1rem, 4vw, 4rem);
}

.case-visual.tizen-visual {
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 6.2;
}

.case-section {
  padding-block: clamp(4.5rem, 9vw, 9rem);
}

.case-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(14rem, 0.38fr) minmax(0, 0.62fr);
  gap: clamp(2rem, 8vw, 8rem);
}

.case-side-title {
  position: sticky;
  top: 8rem;
  align-self: start;
}

.case-side-title .number {
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
  color: var(--cobalt-dark);
  font-size: 0.76rem;
  font-weight: 850;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
}

.case-side-title h2 {
  max-width: 10ch;
  margin: 0;
  font-size: clamp(2.2rem, 4vw, 4rem);
  letter-spacing: -0.05em;
  line-height: 1;
}

.case-body {
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-size: clamp(1rem, 1.25vw, 1.18rem);
}

.case-body > :first-child {
  margin-top: 0;
}

.case-body h3 {
  margin: 2.7rem 0 0.8rem;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: clamp(1.45rem, 2.2vw, 2rem);
  letter-spacing: -0.025em;
}

.case-body p {
  max-width: 48rem;
}

.case-body ul,
.case-body ol {
  max-width: 48rem;
  padding-left: 1.2rem;
}

.case-body li + li {
  margin-top: 0.55rem;
}

.case-quote {
  margin: 0;
  border-left: 0.32rem solid var(--coral);
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: clamp(2rem, 4.5vw, 4.8rem);
  font-style: italic;
  letter-spacing: -0.045em;
  line-height: 1.04;
  padding-left: clamp(1.25rem, 3vw, 2.5rem);
}

.decision-list {
  display: grid;
  margin-top: 2.2rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.decision-item {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 3.25rem minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 1.2rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding-block: 1.5rem;
}

.decision-item .index {
  color: var(--cobalt-dark);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 850;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
}

.decision-item h3 {
  margin: 0 0 0.45rem;
}

.decision-item p {
  margin: 0;
}

.evidence-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 1rem;
  margin-top: 2rem;
}

.evidence-item {
  min-height: 15rem;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: space-between;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.44);
  padding: clamp(1.3rem, 3vw, 2.3rem);
}

.evidence-value {
  font-size: clamp(2.7rem, 5vw, 5rem);
  font-weight: 790;
  letter-spacing: -0.065em;
  line-height: 0.9;
}

.evidence-item p {
  margin: 1.5rem 0 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.86rem;
}

.source-note,
.safety-note {
  margin-top: 2rem;
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  padding: 1rem 1.2rem;
  font-size: 0.82rem;
}

.source-note {
  background: var(--paper-strong);
  color: var(--muted);
}

.safety-note {
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 114, 95, 0.45);
  background: rgba(255, 114, 95, 0.1);
  color: #6c2b21;
}

.gallery {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(12, 1fr);
  gap: clamp(0.75rem, 1.6vw, 1.5rem);
  margin-top: 3rem;
}

.gallery figure {
  margin: 0;
}

.gallery .wide { grid-column: span 8; }
.gallery .narrow { grid-column: span 4; }
.gallery .full { grid-column: 1 / -1; }

.gallery-frame {
  height: 100%;
  min-height: 20rem;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  background: var(--white);
}

.gallery-frame img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
}

.gallery-frame.contain img {
  object-fit: contain;
  padding: clamp(0.75rem, 2vw, 2rem);
}

.gallery figcaption {
  margin-top: 0.6rem;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
}

.case-next {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: auto minmax(0, 1fr) auto;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 2rem;
  color: white;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.case-next .label {
  color: var(--lime);
  font-size: 0.74rem;
  font-weight: 850;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.case-next h2 {
  margin: 0.5rem 0 0;
  font-size: clamp(2.4rem, 5vw, 5rem);
  letter-spacing: -0.055em;
  line-height: 0.95;
}

.case-next .arrow {
  font-size: clamp(2.6rem, 5vw, 5rem);
  transition: transform 180ms ease;
}

.case-next:hover .arrow {
  transform: translate(0.45rem, -0.45rem);
}

.timeline {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.timeline-item {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 10rem minmax(13rem, 0.35fr) minmax(0, 0.65fr);
  gap: 2rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding-block: 1.8rem;
}

.timeline-year {
  color: var(--cobalt-dark);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 850;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
}

.timeline-role {
  font-weight: 760;
}

.timeline-copy {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
}

.skills-columns {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: clamp(1.5rem, 4vw, 4rem);
}

.skill-group {
  border-top: 2px solid var(--ink);
  padding-top: 1.2rem;
}

.skill-group h3 {
  margin: 0 0 1.1rem;
  font-size: 1.25rem;
}

.skill-group ul {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  list-style: none;
}

.skill-group li + li {
  margin-top: 0.35rem;
}

.archive-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 1px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: var(--line);
}

.archive-item {
  min-height: 24rem;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 2rem;
  background: var(--paper);
  padding: clamp(1.8rem, 4vw, 3.8rem);
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: background 180ms ease, color 180ms ease;
}

.archive-item:hover {
  background: var(--ink);
  color: white;
}

.archive-item .type {
  color: var(--cobalt-dark);
  font-size: 0.74rem;
  font-weight: 850;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.archive-item:hover .type {
  color: var(--lime);
}

.archive-item h2 {
  max-width: 13ch;
  margin: 0;
  font-size: clamp(2rem, 3.6vw, 3.8rem);
  letter-spacing: -0.05em;
  line-height: 1;
}

.archive-item p {
  max-width: 34rem;
  margin: 1rem 0 0;
  color: var(--muted);
}

.archive-item:hover p {
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.67);
}

.more-work-section {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: var(--paper-strong);
}

.visual-work-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: clamp(0.8rem, 1.5vw, 1.35rem);
}

.visual-work-card {
  position: relative;
  min-height: clamp(24rem, 32vw, 32rem);
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  background: var(--night);
  color: white;
  isolation: isolate;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.visual-work-card > img {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  opacity: 0.82;
  transition: opacity 400ms ease, transform 700ms cubic-bezier(.2,.75,.2,1);
}

.visual-work-card.contain > img {
  object-fit: contain;
  background: linear-gradient(150deg, #202949, #090d1a);
  padding: clamp(1.2rem, 2.5vw, 2.4rem);
}

.visual-work-card::after {
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 1;
  inset: 0;
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(7, 11, 21, 0.08) 30%, rgba(7, 11, 21, 0.94) 100%);
  content: "";
}

.visual-work-card:hover > img {
  opacity: 0.95;
  transform: scale(1.035);
}

.visual-work-status,
.visual-work-copy {
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 2;
  left: clamp(1.2rem, 2.2vw, 2rem);
  right: clamp(1.2rem, 2.2vw, 2rem);
}

.visual-work-status {
  top: clamp(1.2rem, 2.2vw, 2rem);
  color: var(--lime);
  font-size: 0.68rem;
  font-weight: 850;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
}

.visual-work-copy {
  bottom: clamp(1.2rem, 2.2vw, 2rem);
  display: grid;
  gap: 0.55rem;
}

.visual-work-copy strong {
  font-size: clamp(1.7rem, 2.8vw, 3rem);
  letter-spacing: -0.045em;
  line-height: 0.95;
}

.visual-work-copy small {
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.68);
  font-size: 0.73rem;
  font-weight: 650;
}

.visual-work-card.is-type {
  background:
    radial-gradient(circle at 78% 18%, rgba(202, 255, 85, 0.2), transparent 24%),
    linear-gradient(145deg, var(--cobalt), #151e43);
}

.visual-work-card.is-type::before {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 22% 12% auto;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
  content: "Samsung × Microsoft";
  font-size: clamp(2.6rem, 5vw, 5.2rem);
  font-weight: 760;
  letter-spacing: -0.065em;
  line-height: 0.86;
}

.archive-showcase .visual-work-grid {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
}

.archive-showcase .visual-work-card {
  min-height: clamp(28rem, 42vw, 40rem);
}

.archive-showcase .visual-work-card.is-wide {
  grid-column: 1 / -1;
  min-height: clamp(26rem, 38vw, 36rem);
}

.archive-showcase .visual-work-copy strong {
  font-size: clamp(2.4rem, 4.6vw, 5rem);
}

.more-work-action {
  margin-top: 1.5rem;
}

.site-footer {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: var(--night);
  color: white;
  padding-block: clamp(4.5rem, 9vw, 8.5rem) 2rem;
}

.site-footer::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  width: min(52vw, 45rem);
  aspect-ratio: 1;
  right: -13%;
  bottom: -80%;
  border: 1px solid rgba(202, 255, 85, 0.28);
  border-radius: 50%;
  box-shadow:
    0 0 0 3rem rgba(202, 255, 85, 0.025),
    0 0 0 7rem rgba(202, 255, 85, 0.018);
}

.footer-grid {
  position: relative;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 0.72fr) minmax(17rem, 0.28fr);
  gap: 3rem;
}

.footer-kicker {
  color: var(--lime);
  font-size: 0.76rem;
  font-weight: 850;
  letter-spacing: 0.13em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.footer-title {
  max-width: 12ch;
  margin: 1rem 0 0;
  font-size: clamp(2.7rem, 6.4vw, 6.8rem);
  font-weight: 720;
  letter-spacing: -0.062em;
  line-height: 0.92;
}

.footer-links {
  display: grid;
  align-content: end;
  gap: 0.75rem;
}

.footer-links a {
  width: fit-content;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.75);
  font-weight: 650;
}

.footer-meta {
  position: relative;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 2rem;
  margin-top: clamp(4rem, 9vw, 8rem);
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.16);
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);
  font-size: 0.74rem;
  padding-top: 1.3rem;
}

.reveal {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(1.8rem);
  transition: opacity 650ms ease, transform 650ms cubic-bezier(.2,.7,.2,1);
}

.reveal.is-visible {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: none;
}

@media (max-width: 1050px) {
  .site-nav {
    gap: 1.2rem;
  }

  .hero-grid,
  .about-teaser,
  .case-hero-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .orbit-stage {
    width: min(90%, 34rem);
    justify-self: center;
    margin-top: 2rem;
  }

  .section-head {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .section-lede {
    max-width: 42rem;
  }

  .impact-strip {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  }

  .impact-item:nth-child(2) {
    border-right: 0;
  }

  .impact-item:nth-child(-n+2) {
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  }

  .project-feature,
  .project-feature.media-left {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .project-feature.media-left .project-media {
    order: 2;
  }

  .project-feature {
    min-height: auto;
  }

  .visual-work-grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  }

  .project-copy {
    min-height: 29rem;
  }

  .case-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .case-side-title {
    position: static;
  }

  .timeline-item {
    grid-template-columns: 8rem minmax(0, 0.4fr) minmax(0, 0.6fr);
  }
}

@media (max-width: 780px) {
  .site-header,
  .site-header.is-scrolled,
  .case-page .site-header {
    background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--paper) 93%, transparent);
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(16px);
    backdrop-filter: blur(16px);
  }

  .header-inner {
    min-height: 4.4rem;
  }

  .menu-toggle {
    display: inline-flex;
  }

  .nav-cluster {
    position: fixed;
    inset: 4.4rem 0 0;
    display: none;
    align-items: stretch;
    align-content: start;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 1.6rem;
    overflow-y: auto;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
    background: var(--paper);
    padding: 2.2rem var(--gutter) 3rem;
  }

  .nav-cluster.is-open {
    display: flex;
  }

  .site-nav {
    align-items: stretch;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0;
  }

  .site-nav a {
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
    font-size: clamp(1.8rem, 7vw, 3rem);
    font-weight: 720;
    letter-spacing: -0.04em;
    padding-block: 0.85rem;
  }

  .site-nav a::after {
    display: none;
  }

  .nav-actions {
    justify-content: space-between;
  }

  .hero {
    min-height: auto;
  }

  .display-title,
  .page-title,
  .case-title {
    letter-spacing: -0.055em;
  }

  .project-copy {
    min-height: 25rem;
  }

  .project-media {
    min-height: 23rem;
  }

  .principles-grid,
  .skills-columns {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .principle {
    min-height: 18rem;
  }

  .principle h3 {
    margin-top: 3.5rem;
  }

  .portrait-frame {
    width: min(100%, 32rem);
  }

  .gallery .wide,
  .gallery .narrow,
  .gallery .full {
    grid-column: 1 / -1;
  }

  .evidence-grid,
  .archive-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .visual-work-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .archive-showcase .visual-work-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .archive-showcase .visual-work-card.is-wide {
    grid-column: auto;
  }

  .method-flow {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  }

  .model-architecture {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .model-arrow {
    transform: rotate(90deg);
    text-align: center;
  }

  .metric-row {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr auto;
  }

  .metric-track {
    grid-column: 1 / -1;
    grid-row: 2;
  }

  .timeline-item {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 0.45rem;
  }

  .case-next {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr auto;
  }

  .case-next .label {
    grid-column: 1 / -1;
  }

  .footer-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 520px) {
  .wordmark-text {
    max-width: 9rem;
  }

  .impact-strip {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .impact-item,
  .impact-item:nth-child(2) {
    border-right: 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  }

  .impact-item:last-child {
    border-bottom: 0;
  }

  .project-copy {
    min-height: 23rem;
  }

  .project-media {
    min-height: 19rem;
  }

  .visual-work-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .visual-work-card,
  .archive-showcase .visual-work-card {
    min-height: 24rem;
  }

  .case-visual.tizen-visual {
    aspect-ratio: 4 / 3;
  }

  .lab-strip {
    grid-template-columns: auto 1fr;
  }

  .lab-arrow {
    display: none;
  }

  .case-meta-list > div {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 0.2rem;
  }

  .decision-item {
    grid-template-columns: 2.4rem 1fr;
  }

  .footer-meta {
    flex-direction: column;
  }

  .method-flow,
  .watch-pair {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html {
    scroll-behavior: auto;
  }

  *,
  *::before,
  *::after {
    scroll-behavior: auto !important;
    animation-duration: 0.01ms !important;
    animation-iteration-count: 1 !important;
    transition-duration: 0.01ms !important;
  }

  .reveal {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: none;
  }
}

@media print {
  .site-header,
  .site-footer,
  .button-row,
  .hero-actions,
  .case-next,
  .scroll-progress {
    display: none !important;
  }

  body {
    background: white;
    color: black;
  }

  main {
    overflow: visible;
  }

  .page-hero,
  .case-hero {
    padding-top: 2rem;
  }

  .reveal {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: none;
  }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   2026 portfolio refinement
   Evidence-led, restrained, and optimized for Korean/English readability.
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

:root {
  --paper: #f5f5f2;
  --paper-strong: #ecece7;
  --white: #ffffff;
  --ink: #121419;
  --ink-soft: #383c45;
  --muted: #60646d;
  --line: rgba(18, 20, 25, 0.14);
  --line-strong: rgba(18, 20, 25, 0.28);
  --cobalt: #315cf5;
  --cobalt-dark: #2447bd;
  --lime: #d8ff63;
  --coral: #ff684d;
  --cyan: #75d7e4;
  --night: #11141a;
  --night-soft: #1b202a;
  --shadow: 0 18px 48px rgba(18, 20, 25, 0.11);
  --radius-sm: 0.65rem;
  --radius-md: 1.2rem;
  --radius-lg: 1.75rem;
  --max: 1320px;
  --sans: "Pretendard Variable", Pretendard, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", "Noto Sans KR", "Apple SD Gothic Neo", Arial, sans-serif;
  --serif: var(--sans);
}

body {
  background: var(--paper);
  font-family: var(--sans);
  line-height: 1.68;
}

html[data-lang="ko"] body {
  letter-spacing: -0.012em;
}

html[data-lang="ko"] :is(h1, h2, h3, p, li, dt, dd, strong, small, span) {
  word-break: keep-all;
  overflow-wrap: break-word;
}

:is(h1, h2, h3, .display-title, .page-title, .case-title, .section-title, .project-title) {
  text-wrap: balance;
}

:is(p, li, .section-lede, .hero-copy, .case-intro, .project-summary) {
  text-wrap: pretty;
}

.shell {
  padding-inline: clamp(1.25rem, 4vw, 4rem);
}

.site-header.is-scrolled,
.case-page .site-header {
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--paper) 92%, transparent);
}

.header-inner {
  min-height: 4.5rem;
}

.wordmark {
  font-size: 0.76rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
}

.wordmark-mark {
  width: 1.45rem;
  height: 1.45rem;
  border-width: 1.5px;
}

.wordmark-mark::after {
  width: 0.34rem;
  height: 0.34rem;
  background: var(--cobalt);
}

.site-nav a {
  font-size: 0.84rem;
  font-weight: 680;
}

.button {
  min-height: 3rem;
  border-radius: 0.7rem;
  font-size: 0.84rem;
  padding-inline: 1.1rem;
}

.button::after {
  display: none;
  content: none;
}

.text-link {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.55rem;
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  font-weight: 760;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.eyebrow {
  margin-bottom: 1.2rem;
  font-size: 0.71rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
}

.eyebrow::before {
  width: 1.6rem;
  height: 1px;
}

.section {
  padding-block: clamp(5rem, 8vw, 8rem);
}

.section.tight {
  padding-block: clamp(3.5rem, 5.5vw, 5rem);
}

.section-title {
  max-width: 16ch;
  font-size: clamp(2.35rem, 4.5vw, 4.7rem);
  font-weight: 740;
  letter-spacing: -0.052em;
  line-height: 1.06;
}

.section-lede {
  line-height: 1.68;
}

.section-kicker {
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
}

.hero-2026 {
  min-height: min(100svh, 58rem);
  padding-block: clamp(7.8rem, 10vw, 9rem) clamp(4rem, 6vw, 6rem);
}

.hero-2026 .hero-grid {
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 0.92fr) minmax(30rem, 1.08fr);
  gap: clamp(2.5rem, 5vw, 5.5rem);
}

.display-title-2026 {
  max-width: 11ch;
  font-size: clamp(3.45rem, 6.65vw, 7.1rem);
  letter-spacing: -0.062em;
  line-height: 1;
}

.display-title-2026 .title-support,
.display-title-2026 .title-focus {
  display: block;
}

.display-title-2026 .title-support {
  font-size: 0.64em;
  font-weight: 540;
  letter-spacing: -0.042em;
  line-height: 1.28;
}

.display-title-2026 .title-focus {
  color: var(--cobalt);
  font-weight: 790;
  line-height: 1.05;
}

.hero-copy {
  max-width: 39rem;
  margin-top: clamp(1.6rem, 2.4vw, 2.25rem);
  font-size: clamp(1rem, 1.25vw, 1.18rem);
  line-height: 1.68;
}

.hero-actions {
  align-items: center;
  gap: 1.2rem;
}

.hero-product-board {
  position: relative;
  min-height: clamp(31rem, 42vw, 40rem);
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  background:
    radial-gradient(circle at 85% 10%, rgba(49, 92, 245, 0.55), transparent 28%),
    linear-gradient(145deg, #202738, #0f1218 66%);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
  color: white;
}

.hero-board-label {
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 4;
  top: clamp(1.3rem, 3vw, 2.2rem);
  left: clamp(1.3rem, 3vw, 2.2rem);
  display: grid;
  gap: 0.12rem;
}

.hero-board-label span,
.hero-board-label small {
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.55);
  font-size: 0.63rem;
  font-weight: 720;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.hero-board-label strong {
  font-size: clamp(1.7rem, 3vw, 2.7rem);
  letter-spacing: -0.045em;
}

.hero-product-board .phone-stack {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 15% 3% 3% 8%;
}

.phone-shot {
  position: relative;
  margin: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 5px solid #050607;
  border-radius: clamp(1.25rem, 2.4vw, 2.2rem);
  background: #050607;
  box-shadow: 0 24px 55px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.34);
}

.phone-shot img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
}

.hero-product-board .phone-shot {
  position: absolute;
  width: 31%;
  aspect-ratio: 360 / 800;
  bottom: -5%;
}

.hero-product-board .phone-shot-back {
  left: 1%;
  transform: rotate(-5deg) translateY(6%);
}

.hero-product-board .phone-shot-front {
  z-index: 2;
  left: 34%;
  width: 35%;
}

.hero-product-board .phone-shot-side {
  right: 0;
  transform: rotate(5deg) translateY(6%);
}

.public-visual-note,
.visual-source {
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.65rem;
  font-weight: 650;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
}

.hero-product-board .public-visual-note {
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 4;
  right: 1.2rem;
  bottom: 0.9rem;
  margin: 0;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.46);
}

.oneui9-board {
  display: grid;
  align-items: end;
  padding: clamp(6.5rem, 10vw, 8.5rem) clamp(0.8rem, 2vw, 1.5rem) 2.7rem;
}

.oneui9-board .oneui9-reference-image {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
  border-radius: 0.9rem;
  box-shadow: 0 24px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.32);
}

.oneui9-project-media {
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  background: #050607;
  padding: clamp(1rem, 2.8vw, 2.4rem);
}

.oneui9-project-media > img {
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  max-height: 100%;
  object-fit: contain;
  border-radius: 0.8rem;
}

.media-credit {
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 3;
  right: 1rem;
  bottom: 0.75rem;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.55);
  font-size: 0.62rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
}

.proof-bar-section {
  padding-block: 0;
}

.proof-bar {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
  border-block: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.proof-bar > div {
  display: grid;
  gap: 0.4rem;
  border-right: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding: clamp(1.35rem, 2.8vw, 2.35rem);
}

.proof-bar > div:last-child {
  border-right: 0;
}

.proof-bar strong {
  font-size: clamp(2.4rem, 4vw, 4rem);
  letter-spacing: -0.065em;
  line-height: 1;
}

.proof-bar span {
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 650;
}

.project-grid-2026 {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: clamp(1rem, 2vw, 1.5rem);
}

.project-grid-2026 .project-feature {
  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  min-height: 0;
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  box-shadow: none;
}

.project-grid-2026 .project-lead {
  grid-column: 1 / -1;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(20rem, 0.78fr) minmax(0, 1.22fr);
  min-height: clamp(34rem, 46vw, 41rem);
}

.project-grid-2026 .project-copy {
  min-height: 25rem;
  padding: clamp(1.75rem, 3.5vw, 3.2rem);
}

.project-grid-2026 .project-lead .project-copy {
  min-height: auto;
}

.project-grid-2026 .project-title {
  max-width: 13ch;
  margin-top: 1.35rem;
  font-size: clamp(2.25rem, 3.4vw, 3.8rem);
  line-height: 1.02;
}

.project-grid-2026 .project-summary {
  font-size: clamp(0.96rem, 1.12vw, 1.08rem);
  line-height: 1.62;
}

.project-grid-2026 .project-meta {
  margin-top: 1.4rem;
  font-size: 0.68rem;
}

.project-grid-2026 .project-media {
  min-height: clamp(17rem, 27vw, 23rem);
  order: -1;
}

.project-grid-2026 .project-lead .project-media,
.project-grid-2026 .data-project .project-media {
  order: 2;
}

.project-media.image-led > img {
  object-fit: cover;
}

.project-media.image-led.contain > img {
  object-fit: contain;
  padding: clamp(1rem, 3vw, 2.7rem);
}

.wearable-product-stage {
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-end;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: clamp(0.35rem, 1vw, 0.8rem);
  overflow: hidden;
  background:
    radial-gradient(circle at 50% 25%, rgba(49, 92, 245, 0.35), transparent 34%),
    linear-gradient(145deg, #202738, #0d1016);
  padding: clamp(2rem, 5vw, 4rem) clamp(1rem, 3vw, 3rem) 0;
}

.wearable-product-stage .phone-shot {
  width: 29%;
  flex: none;
  aspect-ratio: 360 / 800;
  transform: translateY(7%);
}

.wearable-product-stage .phone-shot.is-primary {
  z-index: 2;
  width: 34%;
  transform: none;
}

.research-proof {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr auto 1fr auto 1fr;
  align-items: center;
  gap: clamp(0.55rem, 1.2vw, 1rem);
  background: #e7eaf3;
  padding: clamp(1.25rem, 3vw, 2.5rem);
}

.research-node {
  display: grid;
  min-width: 0;
  gap: 0.2rem;
  border: 1px solid rgba(18, 20, 25, 0.14);
  border-radius: 1rem;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.72);
  padding: clamp(0.75rem, 1.5vw, 1.25rem);
}

.research-node span,
.research-node small {
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.58rem;
  font-weight: 760;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.research-node strong {
  font-size: clamp(1.5rem, 2.8vw, 2.7rem);
  letter-spacing: -0.06em;
  line-height: 1;
}

.research-node.is-result {
  background: var(--cobalt);
  color: white;
}

.research-node.is-result :is(span, small) {
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
}

.research-arrow {
  color: var(--cobalt-dark);
  font-weight: 800;
}

.visual-work-card,
.archive-showcase .visual-work-card,
.archive-showcase .visual-work-card.is-wide {
  min-height: clamp(19rem, 26vw, 24rem);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
}

.visual-work-card.contain > img {
  background: #151922;
  padding: clamp(1rem, 2.3vw, 2rem);
}

.visual-work-copy strong,
.archive-showcase .visual-work-copy strong {
  font-size: clamp(1.6rem, 2.5vw, 2.6rem);
}

.lab-home-section {
  padding-top: 0;
  background: var(--paper-strong);
}

.lab-strip {
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
}

.working-model .principle {
  border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.14);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.035);
}

.working-model .principle h3 {
  line-height: 1.18;
}

.profile-summary .about-teaser,
.about-teaser {
  align-items: center;
  gap: clamp(2.5rem, 6vw, 6rem);
}

.portrait-frame {
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  background: #d8d9d5;
}

.portrait-frame::after {
  border-radius: inherit;
}

.about-copy h2 {
  font-size: clamp(2.25rem, 4.2vw, 4.5rem);
  line-height: 1.08;
}

.page-hero,
.case-hero {
  padding-block: clamp(8.5rem, 12vw, 11rem) clamp(4rem, 6vw, 6rem);
}

.page-title,
.case-title {
  max-width: 12ch;
  font-size: clamp(3.4rem, 7vw, 7.5rem);
  font-weight: 760;
  line-height: 0.98;
}

.page-title .serif,
.case-title .serif {
  color: var(--cobalt);
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-style: normal;
  font-weight: 790;
}

.page-intro,
.case-intro {
  line-height: 1.68;
}

.case-side-title h2 {
  max-width: 13ch;
  font-size: clamp(2.1rem, 3.7vw, 3.8rem);
  line-height: 1.08;
}

.case-quote {
  border-left-color: var(--cobalt);
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: clamp(1.8rem, 3.6vw, 3.5rem);
  font-style: normal;
  font-weight: 680;
  line-height: 1.18;
}

.case-body,
.case-body p {
  line-height: 1.75;
}

.evidence-item {
  min-height: 13rem;
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.62);
}

.source-note {
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.55);
  line-height: 1.65;
}

.source-links a {
  color: var(--cobalt-dark);
  font-weight: 650;
}

.connected-hero-visual {
  background: var(--night);
  color: white;
  padding: clamp(3rem, 6vw, 5rem) 0 1.25rem;
}

.connected-hero-stage {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(16rem, 0.72fr) minmax(0, 1.28fr);
  align-items: center;
  gap: clamp(2rem, 5vw, 5rem);
}

.connected-stage-copy .stage-kicker {
  color: var(--lime);
  font-size: 0.68rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
}

.connected-stage-copy h2 {
  margin: 1rem 0 1.3rem;
  font-size: clamp(3rem, 6vw, 6.5rem);
  letter-spacing: -0.065em;
  line-height: 0.94;
}

.connected-stage-copy p {
  max-width: 29rem;
  margin: 0;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.65);
}

.connected-phone-row {
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-end;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: clamp(0.45rem, 1.2vw, 0.9rem);
}

.connected-phone-row .phone-shot {
  width: 28%;
  flex: none;
  aspect-ratio: 360 / 800;
  transform: translateY(7%);
}

.connected-phone-row .phone-shot.is-primary {
  width: 34%;
  transform: none;
}

.connected-hero-visual .visual-source {
  width: min(100%, var(--max));
  margin: 1.2rem auto 0;
  padding-inline: var(--gutter);
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.42);
  text-align: right;
}

.oneui9-reference-board {
  margin: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  background: #050607;
  box-shadow: 0 24px 60px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.34);
}

.oneui9-reference-board img {
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
}

.oneui9-reference-board figcaption {
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);
  font-size: 0.64rem;
  font-weight: 650;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  padding: 0.7rem 0.9rem;
}

.device-relationship {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(12rem, 0.72fr) 4rem minmax(0, 1.28fr);
  align-items: center;
  margin-top: 3rem;
}

.hub-device,
.hub-products > div {
  display: grid;
  gap: 0.3rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 1rem;
  background: white;
  padding: 1.25rem;
}

.hub-device span,
.hub-products span {
  color: var(--cobalt-dark);
  font-size: 0.63rem;
  font-weight: 820;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
}

.hub-device strong {
  font-size: 1.35rem;
  color: var(--ink);
}

.hub-device small,
.hub-products small {
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.72rem;
}

.hub-products {
  display: grid;
  gap: 0.65rem;
}

.hub-lines {
  display: grid;
  gap: 1.9rem;
}

.hub-lines i {
  height: 1px;
  background: var(--cobalt);
}

.evolution-section,
.evidence-section {
  background: var(--paper-strong);
}

.evolution-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 1.2rem;
}

.evolution-card {
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  background: white;
}

.evolution-label {
  display: grid;
  gap: 0.25rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding: 1.25rem 1.4rem;
}

.evolution-label span {
  color: var(--cobalt-dark);
  font-size: 0.65rem;
  font-weight: 820;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
}

.evolution-label strong {
  font-size: clamp(1.25rem, 2vw, 1.8rem);
}

.evolution-images {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.75rem;
  min-height: 28rem;
  background: #e9eaec;
  padding: clamp(1rem, 3vw, 2.5rem);
}

.evolution-images img {
  width: 100%;
  border-radius: 0.8rem;
  box-shadow: 0 12px 35px rgba(18, 20, 25, 0.13);
}

.evolution-phones {
  display: flex;
  min-height: 28rem;
  align-items: flex-end;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 0.8rem;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: #1b202a;
  padding: 2rem 2rem 0;
}

.evolution-phones .phone-shot {
  width: min(40%, 12rem);
  flex: none;
  aspect-ratio: 360 / 800;
  transform: translateY(7%);
}

.oneui9-change-list {
  display: grid;
  min-height: 28rem;
  align-content: center;
  gap: 0;
  background: #11141a;
  color: white;
  padding: clamp(1.2rem, 3vw, 2.5rem);
}

.oneui9-change-list > div {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 2.2rem minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 0.15rem 0.9rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
  padding-block: 1.25rem;
}

.oneui9-change-list > div:last-child {
  border-bottom: 0;
}

.oneui9-change-list span {
  grid-row: 1 / 3;
  color: var(--lime);
  font-size: 0.66rem;
  font-weight: 820;
  letter-spacing: 0.09em;
}

.oneui9-change-list strong {
  font-size: clamp(1.2rem, 1.8vw, 1.55rem);
}

.oneui9-change-list small {
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.58);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  line-height: 1.5;
}

.prototype-section {
  background: #e9ebef;
}

.prototype-scope-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 0.8rem;
  margin-top: clamp(2rem, 4vw, 3.5rem);
}

.prototype-scope-grid article {
  display: grid;
  align-content: start;
  gap: 0.7rem;
  min-height: 15rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.72);
  padding: clamp(1.25rem, 2.4vw, 2rem);
}

.prototype-scope-grid article > span {
  color: var(--cobalt-dark);
  font-size: 0.64rem;
  font-weight: 820;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
}

.prototype-scope-grid strong {
  font-size: clamp(1.35rem, 2.1vw, 2rem);
  letter-spacing: -0.035em;
  line-height: 1.12;
}

.prototype-scope-grid p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  line-height: 1.65;
}

.prototype-gallery {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(12rem, 0.72fr) repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  align-items: start;
  gap: clamp(0.75rem, 1.5vw, 1.15rem);
  margin-top: clamp(1rem, 2vw, 1.5rem);
}

.prototype-capture-column {
  display: grid;
  gap: clamp(0.75rem, 1.5vw, 1.15rem);
}

.prototype-capture {
  margin: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid rgba(18, 20, 25, 0.16);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  background: #f6f6f7;
  box-shadow: 0 18px 48px rgba(18, 20, 25, 0.1);
}

.prototype-capture > img,
.prototype-scroll-window img {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
}

.prototype-scroll-window {
  position: relative;
  height: clamp(70rem, 118vw, 96rem);
  overflow: hidden;
  background: #f2f2f3;
}

.prototype-scroll-window::after {
  position: absolute;
  right: 0;
  bottom: 0;
  left: 0;
  height: 8rem;
  background: linear-gradient(transparent, rgba(242, 242, 243, 0.96));
  content: "";
  pointer-events: none;
}

.prototype-capture figcaption {
  display: grid;
  gap: 0.35rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.92);
  padding: 1rem 1.05rem 1.1rem;
}

.prototype-capture figcaption strong {
  font-size: 1rem;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
}

.prototype-capture figcaption > span {
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  line-height: 1.5;
}

.compact-decisions .decision-item {
  padding-block: 1.25rem;
}

.compact-decisions .decision-item h3 {
  font-size: clamp(1.2rem, 1.8vw, 1.55rem);
}

.case-next .arrow {
  transform: none;
}

.site-footer {
  padding-block: clamp(4rem, 7vw, 6rem) 1.6rem;
}

.site-footer::before {
  display: none;
}

.footer-title {
  max-width: 14ch;
  font-size: clamp(2.5rem, 5.2vw, 5.4rem);
  line-height: 1;
}

.footer-meta {
  margin-top: clamp(3rem, 6vw, 5rem);
}

/* Content remains available when JavaScript or motion observation fails. */
.reveal,
.reveal.is-visible {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: none;
}

@media (max-width: 1050px) {
  .hero-2026 .hero-grid,
  .connected-hero-stage {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .hero-message {
    max-width: 48rem;
  }

  .hero-product-board {
    width: min(100%, 48rem);
    min-height: clamp(30rem, 76vw, 40rem);
    justify-self: center;
  }

  .project-grid-2026 .project-lead {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .project-grid-2026 .project-lead .project-media {
    min-height: clamp(27rem, 64vw, 38rem);
  }

  .connected-stage-copy {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(14rem, 0.7fr) minmax(0, 1.3fr);
    align-items: end;
    gap: 2rem;
  }

  .connected-stage-copy .stage-kicker {
    grid-column: 1 / -1;
  }

  .connected-stage-copy :is(h2, p) {
    margin-bottom: 0;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 780px) {
  .header-inner {
    min-height: 4.2rem;
  }

  .nav-cluster {
    top: 4.2rem;
    bottom: auto;
    height: calc(100svh - 4.2rem);
  }

  .hero-2026 {
    padding-top: 7.2rem;
  }

  .display-title-2026 {
    font-size: clamp(3.05rem, 13vw, 5.3rem);
    line-height: 1.03;
  }

  .hero-product-board {
    min-height: clamp(25rem, 100vw, 34rem);
  }

  .hero-product-board .phone-stack {
    inset-inline: 2%;
  }

  .hero-product-board .phone-shot {
    width: min(34%, 9rem);
  }

  .hero-product-board .phone-shot-back {
    left: 4%;
  }

  .hero-product-board .phone-shot-front {
    left: 50%;
    width: min(38%, 10rem);
    transform: translateX(-50%);
  }

  .hero-product-board .phone-shot-side {
    right: 4%;
  }

  .proof-bar {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .proof-bar > div,
  .proof-bar > div:last-child {
    grid-template-columns: auto 1fr;
    align-items: end;
    border-right: 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  }

  .proof-bar > div:last-child {
    border-bottom: 0;
  }

  .project-grid-2026 {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .project-grid-2026 .project-copy {
    min-height: 22rem;
  }

  .project-grid-2026 .project-lead .project-media {
    min-height: clamp(24rem, 94vw, 32rem);
  }

  .research-proof {
    min-height: 18rem;
  }

  .visual-work-card,
  .archive-showcase .visual-work-card,
  .archive-showcase .visual-work-card.is-wide {
    min-height: 21rem;
  }

  .connected-stage-copy {
    display: block;
  }

  .connected-stage-copy p {
    margin-top: 1rem;
  }

  .connected-phone-row .phone-shot {
    width: 31%;
  }

  .connected-phone-row .phone-shot.is-primary {
    width: 36%;
  }

  .device-relationship {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 0.75rem;
  }

  .hub-lines {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
    gap: 0.5rem;
  }

  .hub-lines i {
    width: 1px;
    height: 1.5rem;
    justify-self: center;
  }

  .evolution-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .prototype-scope-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .prototype-scope-grid article {
    min-height: 0;
  }

  .prototype-gallery {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  }

  .prototype-capture-long {
    grid-column: 1 / -1;
  }

  .prototype-scroll-window {
    height: clamp(48rem, 155vw, 68rem);
  }

  .evolution-images,
  .evolution-phones,
  .oneui9-change-list {
    min-height: 22rem;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 520px) {
  .display-title-2026 {
    font-size: clamp(2.8rem, 14vw, 4rem);
  }

  .display-title-2026 .title-support {
    font-size: 0.61em;
  }

  .hero-product-board {
    min-height: 25rem;
  }

  .hero-board-label small,
  .hero-product-board .public-visual-note {
    display: none;
  }

  .hero-product-board .phone-stack {
    inset: 25% -6% 0;
  }

  .hero-product-board .phone-shot {
    width: min(34%, 7.5rem);
  }

  .hero-product-board .phone-shot-front {
    width: min(38%, 8.5rem);
  }

  .wearable-product-stage .phone-shot:first-child,
  .connected-phone-row .phone-shot:first-child {
    display: none;
  }

  .wearable-product-stage .phone-shot,
  .connected-phone-row .phone-shot {
    width: 43%;
  }

  .wearable-product-stage .phone-shot.is-primary,
  .connected-phone-row .phone-shot.is-primary {
    width: 49%;
  }

  .research-proof {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    align-content: center;
  }

  .research-arrow {
    transform: rotate(90deg);
    justify-self: center;
  }

  .evolution-images {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .evolution-images img:last-child {
    display: none;
  }

  .evolution-phones .phone-shot {
    width: 44%;
  }

  .prototype-capture figcaption {
    padding: 0.8rem;
  }

  .prototype-capture figcaption > span {
    font-size: 0.66rem;
  }

  .case-title {
    font-size: clamp(3.2rem, 16vw, 5rem);
  }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   2026 visual-fidelity pass
   A final, consolidated layer for image scale, bilingual typography, and
   editorial rhythm. Authentic UI evidence is kept crisp and honestly sized.
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

body {
  font-size: clamp(1rem, 0.16vw + 0.97rem, 1.0625rem);
  line-height: 1.68;
}

.shell {
  padding-inline: clamp(1.25rem, 3.6vw, 3.5rem);
}

:focus-visible {
  outline-color: var(--cobalt);
}

:is(
  .public-visual-note,
  .visual-source,
  .media-credit,
  .oneui9-reference-board figcaption,
  .prototype-capture figcaption > span,
  .research-node span,
  .research-node small,
  .hub-device span,
  .hub-products span,
  .evolution-label span,
  .oneui9-change-list span,
  .prototype-scope-grid article > span,
  .generated-visual-note,
  .gallery figcaption
) {
  font-size: clamp(0.78rem, 0.3vw + 0.69rem, 0.84rem);
  line-height: 1.5;
}

.connected-hero-visual .visual-source {
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.68);
}

.research-node.is-result :is(span, small) {
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
}

:is(.display-title-2026, .page-title, .case-title, .footer-title) {
  letter-spacing: -0.045em;
}

:is(
  .section-title,
  .project-title,
  .about-copy h2,
  .case-side-title h2,
  .case-quote
) {
  letter-spacing: -0.032em;
}

html[data-lang="ko"] :is(
  .display-title-2026,
  .page-title,
  .case-title,
  .footer-title,
  .section-title,
  .project-title,
  .about-copy h2,
  .case-side-title h2,
  .case-quote
) {
  letter-spacing: -0.025em;
}

html[data-lang="ko"] :is(
  .eyebrow,
  .section-kicker,
  .project-index,
  .case-side-title .number,
  .visual-work-status,
  .timeline-year,
  .principle-number
) {
  letter-spacing: 0.065em;
}

html[data-lang="ko"] :is(
  .hero-copy,
  .section-lede,
  .page-intro,
  .case-intro,
  .case-body,
  .case-body p,
  .project-summary,
  .about-copy .lead
) {
  line-height: 1.72;
}

html[data-lang="en"] :is(
  .hero-copy,
  .section-lede,
  .page-intro,
  .case-intro,
  .case-body,
  .case-body p,
  .project-summary,
  .about-copy .lead
) {
  line-height: 1.62;
}

html[data-lang="ko"] :is(.page-title, .case-title) {
  line-height: 1.04;
}

html[data-lang="en"] :is(.page-title, .case-title) {
  line-height: 0.98;
}

.section {
  padding-block: clamp(4.75rem, 7vw, 7rem);
}

.section.tight {
  padding-block: clamp(3.25rem, 5vw, 4.5rem);
}

.proof-bar-section {
  padding-block: 0;
}

.lab-home-section {
  padding-top: 0;
}

.case-section {
  padding-block: clamp(4.25rem, 7.2vw, 7.25rem);
}

.section-head {
  margin-bottom: clamp(2.4rem, 4.5vw, 4rem);
}

.section-title {
  max-width: 16ch;
  font-size: clamp(2.25rem, 4vw, 4.1rem);
  line-height: 1.08;
}

html[data-lang="en"] .section-title {
  max-width: 18ch;
  font-size: clamp(2.2rem, 3.8vw, 3.95rem);
}

.page-hero,
.case-hero {
  padding-block: clamp(8rem, 10vw, 10rem) clamp(3.5rem, 5vw, 4.75rem);
}

.page-title,
.case-title {
  max-width: 13ch;
  font-size: clamp(3.25rem, 6.3vw, 6.15rem);
}

.page-intro,
.case-intro {
  max-width: 44rem;
  margin-top: 1.6rem;
  font-size: clamp(1.05rem, 1.35vw, 1.3rem);
}

.case-meta-list dt {
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
}

.case-grid {
  grid-template-columns: minmax(13rem, 0.34fr) minmax(0, 0.66fr);
  gap: clamp(2rem, 6.5vw, 6.5rem);
}

.case-side-title h2 {
  max-width: 13ch;
  font-size: clamp(2rem, 3.2vw, 3.2rem);
  line-height: 1.1;
}

html[data-lang="en"] .case-side-title h2 {
  max-width: 18ch;
  font-size: clamp(1.9rem, 2.8vw, 2.95rem);
  line-height: 1.14;
}

.case-body,
.case-body p,
.case-body ul,
.case-body ol {
  max-width: 42rem;
}

.case-quote {
  max-width: 40rem;
  border-left-width: 0.24rem;
  font-size: clamp(1.75rem, 3vw, 3rem);
  line-height: 1.2;
}

.hero-2026 {
  min-height: min(92svh, 54rem);
  padding-block: clamp(7.25rem, 9vw, 8.25rem) clamp(3.25rem, 5vw, 4.5rem);
}

.hero-2026 .hero-grid {
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 0.94fr) minmax(29rem, 1.06fr);
  gap: clamp(2.5rem, 4.5vw, 4.75rem);
}

.display-title-2026 {
  max-width: 11.5ch;
  font-size: clamp(3.35rem, 6.25vw, 6.7rem);
}

.hero-product-board {
  width: min(100%, 38rem);
  min-height: clamp(30rem, 39vw, 36.5rem);
  justify-self: end;
  border-radius: 1.5rem;
  background:
    radial-gradient(circle at 85% 10%, rgba(49, 92, 245, 0.42), transparent 30%),
    linear-gradient(145deg, #202738, #0f1218 66%);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
}

.hero-board-label span,
.hero-board-label small {
  font-size: 0.75rem;
}

.project-grid-2026 {
  gap: clamp(1rem, 1.7vw, 1.35rem);
}

.project-grid-2026 .project-lead {
  min-height: clamp(31rem, 42vw, 37rem);
}

.project-grid-2026 .project-copy {
  min-height: clamp(19rem, 24vw, 20.5rem);
  padding: clamp(1.6rem, 3vw, 2.75rem);
}

.project-grid-2026 .project-title {
  font-size: clamp(2.05rem, 3vw, 3.4rem);
}

.project-grid-2026 .project-media {
  min-height: clamp(17rem, 23vw, 20.5rem);
}

.project-grid-2026 .project-lead .project-media {
  min-height: clamp(25rem, 39vw, 34rem);
}

.project-grid-2026 .project-meta,
.project-index {
  font-size: 0.75rem;
}

.visual-work-card,
.archive-showcase .visual-work-card,
.archive-showcase .visual-work-card.is-wide {
  height: clamp(18rem, 22vw, 21rem);
  min-height: 0;
  border-radius: 1rem;
}

.visual-work-card.contain > img {
  padding: clamp(1rem, 2vw, 1.65rem);
}

.visual-work-copy strong,
.archive-showcase .visual-work-copy strong {
  font-size: clamp(1.55rem, 2.25vw, 2.3rem);
  line-height: 1.02;
}

.archive-page .archive-showcase {
  padding-block: clamp(3.75rem, 5.8vw, 5.5rem);
}

.archive-page .case-section {
  padding-block: clamp(3.5rem, 5vw, 5rem);
}

.archive-page .archive-showcase .visual-work-card.is-type::before {
  font-size: clamp(2.2rem, 4vw, 4rem);
  line-height: 0.94;
}

.portrait-frame {
  width: min(100%, 23rem);
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 5;
  justify-self: center;
  border-radius: 1.25rem;
  box-shadow: 0 12px 34px rgba(18, 20, 25, 0.09);
}

.portrait-frame img {
  object-position: 50% 20%;
  filter: saturate(0.88) contrast(1.03);
}

.portrait-frame::after {
  display: none;
}

.about-page .about-teaser,
.profile-summary .about-teaser {
  grid-template-columns: minmax(20rem, 0.68fr) minmax(0, 1.32fr);
  gap: clamp(2.75rem, 5.5vw, 5.5rem);
}

.about-copy h2 {
  font-size: clamp(2.15rem, 3.8vw, 4rem);
}

.gallery {
  align-items: start;
  margin-top: 2.5rem;
}

.gallery-frame {
  min-height: 0;
  border-radius: 1rem;
}

.gallery-frame.contain {
  display: grid;
  height: auto;
  place-items: center;
  aspect-ratio: auto;
}

.gallery-frame.contain img {
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  max-height: 44rem;
  object-fit: contain;
  padding: clamp(0.85rem, 1.8vw, 1.65rem);
}

.gallery figcaption {
  color: var(--muted);
}

.gwd-case .case-visual,
.tizen-case .case-visual.tizen-visual {
  display: grid;
  width: min(100%, var(--max));
  height: auto;
  margin-inline: auto;
  place-items: center;
  aspect-ratio: auto;
}

.gwd-case .case-visual {
  min-height: clamp(29rem, 44vw, 38rem);
}

.gwd-case .case-visual img {
  width: min(100%, 54rem);
  height: auto;
  max-height: none;
  object-fit: contain;
}

.tizen-case .case-visual.tizen-visual {
  min-height: clamp(18rem, 27vw, 23rem);
}

.tizen-case .case-visual.tizen-visual img {
  width: min(100%, 70rem);
  height: auto;
  object-fit: contain;
}

.gwa2-case .case-visual {
  width: min(100%, var(--max));
  max-height: 42rem;
  margin-inline: auto;
  aspect-ratio: 2.2 / 1;
}

.lab-case .case-title {
  max-width: 18ch;
  font-size: clamp(2.7rem, 5.2vw, 5.55rem);
  line-height: 1.06;
}

.watch-pair {
  max-width: 58rem;
  margin-inline: auto;
  gap: clamp(1.25rem, 3vw, 2rem);
}

.watch-screen {
  width: min(100%, 27rem);
  margin-inline: auto;
  box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 0.45rem #101827, 0 0.8rem 2rem rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.13);
}

.data-case .case-title {
  max-width: 15ch;
  font-size: clamp(3.1rem, 5.7vw, 5.55rem);
}

.data-case .case-visual {
  min-height: clamp(22rem, 34vw, 30rem);
  aspect-ratio: auto;
}

.data-case .data-visual::after {
  content: "75.78%\A +6.25 PP VS. ONE-STAGE";
  line-height: 0.95;
  white-space: pre;
}

.connected-hero-visual {
  padding: clamp(3rem, 5vw, 4.25rem) 0 1rem;
}

.connected-hero-stage {
  grid-template-columns: minmax(15rem, 0.66fr) minmax(0, 1.34fr);
  gap: clamp(2rem, 4vw, 4rem);
}

.connected-stage-copy h2 {
  font-size: clamp(2.75rem, 5vw, 5.25rem);
  line-height: 0.98;
}

.connected-phone-row {
  max-height: 33rem;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.device-relationship {
  max-width: 52rem;
  margin-top: 2.4rem;
}

.hub-device,
.hub-products > div,
.research-node {
  border-radius: 0.75rem;
}

.prototype-scope-grid {
  gap: 0;
  border-block: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.prototype-scope-grid article {
  min-height: 10.5rem;
  border: 0;
  border-right: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 0;
  background: transparent;
}

.prototype-scope-grid article:last-child {
  border-right: 0;
}

.prototype-gallery {
  grid-template-columns: minmax(12rem, 0.68fr) repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  max-width: 68rem;
  margin-inline: auto;
}

.prototype-capture {
  border-radius: 1rem;
  box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(18, 20, 25, 0.07);
}

.prototype-capture-long {
  width: min(100%, 18rem);
  justify-self: center;
}

.prototype-capture-column {
  width: min(100%, 20rem);
  justify-self: center;
}

.prototype-scroll-window {
  height: clamp(48rem, 70vw, 56rem);
}

.oneui9-reference-board {
  box-shadow: 0 16px 40px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.24);
}

.evolution-images,
.evolution-phones,
.oneui9-change-list {
  min-height: clamp(21rem, 28vw, 24rem);
}

.evolution-images img {
  width: min(100%, 19rem);
  justify-self: center;
}

.evidence-grid {
  gap: 0;
  border-block: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.evidence-item {
  min-height: 10rem;
  border: 0;
  border-right: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 0;
  background: transparent;
  padding: clamp(1.25rem, 2.4vw, 1.9rem);
}

.evidence-item:nth-child(2n) {
  border-right: 0;
}

.evidence-item:nth-last-child(-n + 2) {
  border-bottom: 0;
}

.evidence-value {
  font-size: clamp(2.25rem, 4vw, 4rem);
  line-height: 0.98;
}

.method-step {
  min-height: 10rem;
}

.method-step h3 {
  margin-top: 2.6rem;
}

.footer-title {
  font-size: clamp(2.45rem, 4.7vw, 4.85rem);
  line-height: 1.02;
}

@media (max-width: 1050px) {
  .hero-2026 .hero-grid,
  .connected-hero-stage {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .hero-product-board {
    width: min(100%, 40rem);
    min-height: clamp(29rem, 68vw, 36rem);
    justify-self: center;
  }

  .project-grid-2026 .project-lead {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .project-grid-2026 .project-lead .project-media {
    min-height: clamp(24rem, 58vw, 31rem);
  }

  .about-page .about-teaser,
  .profile-summary .about-teaser,
  .about-teaser,
  .case-hero-grid,
  .case-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .portrait-frame {
    width: min(100%, 23rem);
  }

  .case-side-title {
    position: static;
  }

  .case-body,
  .case-body p,
  .case-body ul,
  .case-body ol {
    max-width: 46rem;
  }

  .connected-stage-copy {
    grid-template-columns: minmax(13rem, 0.65fr) minmax(0, 1.35fr);
  }
}

@media (max-width: 780px) {
  .nav-cluster {
    gap: 1.25rem;
    padding-top: clamp(1.5rem, 7vh, 3.5rem);
  }

  .site-nav a {
    font-size: clamp(1.45rem, 6vw, 2rem);
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: -0.025em;
    line-height: 1.2;
    padding-block: 1rem;
  }

  html[data-lang="ko"] .site-nav a {
    letter-spacing: -0.015em;
  }

  .section,
  .case-section {
    padding-block: clamp(4rem, 14vw, 5.5rem);
  }

  .section-head {
    margin-bottom: 2.25rem;
  }

  .display-title-2026 {
    font-size: clamp(3rem, 12.5vw, 5rem);
  }

  .project-grid-2026 .project-copy {
    min-height: 19rem;
  }

  .visual-work-card,
  .archive-showcase .visual-work-card,
  .archive-showcase .visual-work-card.is-wide {
    height: clamp(18rem, 78vw, 21rem);
  }

  .prototype-scope-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .prototype-scope-grid article {
    min-height: 0;
    border-right: 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  }

  .prototype-scope-grid article:last-child {
    border-bottom: 0;
  }

  .prototype-gallery {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
    max-width: 40rem;
  }

  .prototype-capture-long {
    grid-column: 1 / -1;
    width: min(100%, 22.5rem);
  }

  .prototype-capture-column {
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 19rem;
  }

  .prototype-scroll-window {
    height: clamp(42rem, 120vw, 48rem);
  }

  .evidence-item {
    min-height: 9rem;
  }

  .connected-stage-copy {
    display: block;
  }

  .connected-phone-row {
    max-height: 30rem;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 520px) {
  .page-title,
  .case-title {
    max-width: 13ch;
    font-size: clamp(2.85rem, 13.5vw, 4.25rem);
  }

  .lab-case .case-title {
    max-width: 18ch;
    font-size: clamp(2.45rem, 11.5vw, 3.5rem);
  }

  .data-case .case-title {
    max-width: 16ch;
    font-size: clamp(2.5rem, 11.7vw, 3.6rem);
  }

  .hero-product-board {
    min-height: 24rem;
  }

  .hero-product-board .phone-stack {
    inset: 31% -6% 0;
  }

  .hero-board-label {
    right: 1.25rem;
  }

  .hero-board-label strong {
    font-size: 1.55rem;
  }

  .prototype-scroll-window {
    height: 43rem;
  }

  .prototype-capture figcaption > span {
    font-size: 0.78rem;
  }

  .evidence-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .evidence-item,
  .evidence-item:nth-child(2n),
  .evidence-item:nth-last-child(-n + 2) {
    min-height: 0;
    border-right: 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  }

  .evidence-item:last-child {
    border-bottom: 0;
  }

  .watch-pair {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .watch-screen {
    width: min(100%, 23rem);
  }

  .tizen-case .case-visual.tizen-visual {
    min-height: 21rem;
    justify-content: start;
    overflow-x: auto;
    scroll-snap-type: x proximity;
  }

  .tizen-case .case-visual.tizen-visual img {
    width: 58rem;
    max-width: none;
    scroll-snap-align: center;
  }
}

/* V2 — portfolio-wide editorial and visual polish */

:where(h1, h2, .page-title, .case-title, .section-title, .project-title, .footer-title) {
  text-wrap: balance;
  word-break: keep-all;
  overflow-wrap: normal;
  hyphens: none;
}

:where(p, li, figcaption, .section-lede, .project-summary, .timeline-copy) {
  text-wrap: pretty;
}

html[data-lang="en"] :where(h1, h2, h3, p, li, figcaption, dd, small) {
  word-break: normal;
  overflow-wrap: normal;
  hyphens: none;
}

:where(.evidence-value, .metric-value, .research-node strong, .timeline-year, .patent-number, .project-meta) {
  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
}

:where(.evidence-value, .metric-value, .research-node strong, .patent-number) {
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.method-flow {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 1px;
}

.method-step {
  min-width: 0;
  min-height: 9.5rem;
  padding: clamp(1rem, 1.8vw, 1.35rem);
}

.method-step h3 {
  margin-top: 2.4rem;
  font-size: clamp(0.96rem, 1.25vw, 1.12rem);
  line-height: 1.14;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.method-step p {
  font-size: clamp(0.76rem, 0.9vw, 0.84rem);
  line-height: 1.5;
}

.evidence-value {
  font-size: clamp(1.85rem, 3vw, 3.05rem);
  letter-spacing: -0.055em;
}

.data-case .evidence-value {
  font-size: clamp(1.62rem, 2.55vw, 2.6rem);
}

.research-proof {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
  align-items: stretch;
  gap: clamp(0.65rem, 1.2vw, 1rem);
}

.research-arrow {
  display: none;
}

.research-node {
  align-content: space-between;
  min-height: 8.5rem;
  padding: clamp(0.85rem, 1.5vw, 1.2rem);
}

.research-node strong {
  font-size: clamp(1.65rem, 2.7vw, 2.75rem);
}

.research-node small {
  line-height: 1.35;
  text-transform: none;
}

.project-meta > span {
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.project-media.gwd-annotated-board,
.gwd-annotated-board .gallery-frame,
.gwd-case .case-visual.gwd-hero-visual {
  background: #05070c;
}

.project-media.gwd-annotated-board > img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: contain;
  opacity: 1;
  padding: clamp(0.65rem, 1.4vw, 1.1rem);
}

.gwd-case .case-visual.gwd-hero-visual {
  width: min(calc(100% - 2 * var(--gutter)), var(--max));
  min-height: 0;
  border-radius: 1.1rem;
  padding: clamp(0.5rem, 1vw, 0.9rem);
}

.gwd-case .case-visual.gwd-hero-visual img {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: none;
  border-radius: 0.65rem;
}

.gwd-annotated-board .gallery-frame.contain img {
  max-height: none;
  padding: clamp(0.55rem, 1.2vw, 0.9rem);
}

.thesis-paper-link {
  display: block;
  max-width: 42rem;
  margin-top: 1.65rem;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
  color: inherit;
  padding-top: 1rem;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.thesis-paper-link > span {
  display: grid;
  gap: 0.45rem;
}

.thesis-paper-link strong {
  max-width: 38rem;
  font-size: clamp(0.9rem, 1.25vw, 1.04rem);
  font-weight: 650;
  line-height: 1.55;
}

.thesis-paper-link small {
  color: var(--lime);
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
}

.data-case .case-visual.thesis-hero-visual {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(13rem, 0.34fr);
  align-items: stretch;
  gap: clamp(0.9rem, 2vw, 1.5rem);
  width: min(calc(100% - 2 * var(--gutter)), var(--max));
  min-height: 0;
  margin-inline: auto;
  background: transparent;
  padding: 0;
}

.thesis-chart-figure,
.thesis-result-badge {
  margin: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 1rem;
  background: white;
}

.thesis-chart-figure {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-rows: 1fr auto;
}

.thesis-chart-figure img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  min-height: clamp(22rem, 34vw, 31rem);
  object-fit: contain;
  padding: clamp(0.75rem, 1.8vw, 1.4rem);
}

.thesis-chart-figure figcaption {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  padding: 0.85rem 1rem;
}

.thesis-result-badge {
  display: grid;
  align-content: end;
  background:
    radial-gradient(circle at 50% 15%, rgba(202, 255, 85, 0.26), transparent 34%),
    linear-gradient(155deg, var(--cobalt), #101a3f);
  color: white;
  padding: clamp(1.35rem, 2.6vw, 2.2rem);
}

.thesis-result-badge > span {
  color: var(--lime);
  font-size: 0.68rem;
  font-weight: 850;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
}

.thesis-result-badge strong {
  margin-top: 0.55rem;
  font-size: clamp(2.8rem, 5.1vw, 5.15rem);
  letter-spacing: -0.075em;
  line-height: 0.92;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.thesis-result-badge small {
  margin-top: 0.9rem;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.72);
  font-size: 0.76rem;
  line-height: 1.45;
}

.study-status,
.concept-status,
.contribution-summary {
  margin-top: 1.8rem;
  border-left: 3px solid var(--cobalt);
  background: rgba(45, 84, 230, 0.06);
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  font-weight: 620;
  padding: 0.9rem 1rem;
}

.reference-links {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.65rem;
  margin-top: 1.8rem;
}

.reference-links a {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  min-height: 2.7rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 999px;
  background: var(--white);
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  font-weight: 720;
  padding: 0.65rem 0.95rem;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.reference-links a:hover {
  border-color: var(--cobalt);
  color: var(--cobalt-dark);
}

.device-relationship {
  grid-template-columns: minmax(12rem, 0.72fr) 4rem minmax(0, 1.28fr);
  align-items: stretch;
  gap: 0;
}

.hub-device {
  align-content: center;
}

.hub-lines {
  display: grid;
  height: 100%;
  grid-template-rows: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 0.65rem;
}

.hub-lines i {
  align-self: center;
  width: 100%;
}

.hub-products {
  grid-template-rows: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
}

.hub-products > div {
  align-content: center;
}

.prototype-scroll-window {
  height: clamp(39rem, 56vw, 46rem);
}

.round-software-card > img {
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: center;
  opacity: 0.94;
  padding: 0;
}

.round-system-frame img {
  max-height: 50rem;
}

.microsoft-card {
  background: linear-gradient(145deg, #17265b, #0b1021);
}

.microsoft-visual {
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 0;
  inset: 18% clamp(1.25rem, 4vw, 3rem) 29%;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 3rem minmax(0, 1fr);
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.7rem;
}

.ms-device {
  display: grid;
  align-content: center;
  min-height: 7.6rem;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.24);
  border-radius: 1rem;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
  padding: 1rem;
}

.ms-device span {
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.58);
  font-size: 0.64rem;
  font-weight: 760;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.ms-device strong {
  margin-top: 0.25rem;
  color: white;
  font-size: clamp(1.25rem, 2.4vw, 2rem);
}

.ms-bridge {
  display: grid;
  gap: 0.45rem;
}

.ms-bridge i {
  display: block;
  height: 1px;
  background: var(--lime);
}

.ms-services {
  position: absolute;
  right: 0;
  bottom: -2.4rem;
  left: 0;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 0.45rem;
}

.ms-services span {
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.18);
  border-radius: 999px;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.72);
  font-size: 0.58rem;
  padding: 0.42rem 0.62rem;
}

.collaboration-outcomes {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 0.8rem;
  margin-top: 2rem;
}

.collaboration-outcomes article {
  min-width: 0;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 0.85rem;
  background: white;
  padding: 1rem;
}

.collaboration-outcomes article > span {
  color: var(--cobalt-dark);
  font-size: 0.62rem;
  font-weight: 820;
  letter-spacing: 0.09em;
}

.collaboration-outcomes strong {
  display: block;
  margin-top: 1.45rem;
  font-size: 1.02rem;
}

.collaboration-outcomes p {
  margin: 0.6rem 0 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.76rem;
  line-height: 1.5;
}

.patents-section {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: var(--paper-strong);
}

.patent-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 1px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: var(--line);
}

.patent-card {
  display: grid;
  min-width: 0;
  min-height: 14rem;
  align-content: space-between;
  background: var(--paper);
  color: var(--ink);
  padding: clamp(1.25rem, 2.5vw, 2rem);
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: background-color 180ms ease, color 180ms ease;
}

.patent-card:hover {
  background: var(--cobalt);
  color: white;
}

.patent-number {
  color: var(--cobalt-dark);
  font-size: 0.68rem;
  font-weight: 820;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
}

.patent-card:hover .patent-number,
.patent-card:hover p,
.patent-card:hover small {
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.72);
}

.patent-card h3 {
  margin: 2rem 0 0.55rem;
  font-size: clamp(1.15rem, 1.8vw, 1.5rem);
  line-height: 1.18;
}

.patent-card p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  line-height: 1.5;
}

.patent-card small {
  margin-top: 1.2rem;
  color: var(--cobalt-dark);
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  font-weight: 760;
}

.portrait-frame {
  width: min(100%, 22rem);
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 5;
}

.portrait-frame img {
  filter: saturate(0.9) contrast(1.035);
  object-position: 50% 38%;
}

@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .method-flow {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  }

  .data-case .case-visual.thesis-hero-visual {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .thesis-result-badge {
    min-height: 14rem;
  }

  .collaboration-outcomes {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .collaboration-outcomes strong {
    margin-top: 0.8rem;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 700px) {
  .research-proof {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .research-node {
    min-height: 6.8rem;
  }

  .device-relationship {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 0.65rem;
  }

  .hub-lines {
    display: none;
  }

  .patent-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .patent-card {
    min-height: 12rem;
  }

  .microsoft-visual {
    inset: 20% 1.2rem 31%;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 1.5rem minmax(0, 1fr);
  }
}

@media (max-width: 520px) {
  .method-flow {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .method-step {
    min-height: 7.8rem;
  }

  .method-step h3 {
    margin-top: 1.5rem;
  }

  .evidence-value,
  .data-case .evidence-value {
    font-size: clamp(1.7rem, 9vw, 2.3rem);
  }

  .prototype-scroll-window {
    height: 34rem;
  }

  .thesis-chart-figure img {
    min-height: 17rem;
    padding: 0.35rem;
  }

  .thesis-result-badge {
    min-height: 12rem;
  }

  .reference-links {
    display: grid;
  }

  .reference-links a {
    border-radius: 0.75rem;
  }
}

/* V2.1 — final balance, readability, and responsive QA */

.thesis-paper-link {
  border-top-color: var(--line);
}

.thesis-paper-link small {
  color: var(--cobalt-dark);
}

.distribution-facts {
  display: none;
}

.round-software-card {
  background: #0b101b;
}

.round-software-card > img {
  object-fit: contain;
  object-position: center;
  opacity: 1;
  padding: clamp(0.7rem, 1.8vw, 1.45rem);
}

.round-software-card::after {
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(7, 11, 21, 0.02) 46%, rgba(7, 11, 21, 0.86) 100%);
}

.microsoft-visual {
  inset-block: 16% 38%;
}

.ms-services {
  bottom: -1.55rem;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.family-hub-card > img {
  object-position: center;
  opacity: 0.92;
}

.family-hub-section {
  background: var(--night);
  color: white;
}

.family-hub-section .case-body > p,
.family-hub-section .gallery figcaption {
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
}

.family-hub-section .collaboration-outcomes article {
  border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.045);
}

.family-hub-section .collaboration-outcomes article > span {
  color: var(--lime);
}

.family-hub-section .collaboration-outcomes strong {
  color: white;
}

.family-hub-section .collaboration-outcomes p {
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.68);
}

.family-hub-visual {
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 9;
  background: #071018;
}

.family-hub-visual img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
}

@media (max-width: 780px) {
  .hub-lines {
    display: none;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 700px) {
  .about-page .about-teaser .about-copy {
    order: 1;
  }

  .about-page .about-teaser .portrait-frame {
    order: 2;
    width: min(100%, 17.5rem);
    margin-top: 0.75rem;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 520px) {
  .project-meta > span {
    white-space: normal;
  }

  .prototype-gallery {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .thesis-chart-figure img {
    width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    min-height: 0;
    aspect-ratio: 19 / 12;
    object-fit: contain;
    padding: 0.35rem;
  }

  .distribution-facts {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
    gap: 1px;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
    background: var(--line);
  }

  .distribution-facts > span {
    display: grid;
    min-width: 0;
    gap: 0.2rem;
    background: var(--paper);
    padding: 0.7rem 0.8rem;
  }

  .distribution-facts > span:last-child {
    grid-column: 1 / -1;
    background: var(--cobalt);
    color: white;
  }

  .distribution-facts small {
    color: var(--muted);
    font-size: 0.58rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  }

  .distribution-facts > span:last-child small {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
  }

  .distribution-facts strong {
    font-size: 0.88rem;
    font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
    white-space: nowrap;
  }

  .microsoft-visual {
    inset: 17% 1rem 42%;
  }

  .ms-services {
    bottom: -2.05rem;
    gap: 0.28rem;
  }

  .ms-services span {
    font-size: 0.5rem;
    padding: 0.32rem 0.46rem;
  }
}

/* V4 — Principal portfolio: ownership, reading rhythm, and accessibility */

:focus-visible {
  outline: 3px solid var(--ink);
  outline-offset: 4px;
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.86);
}

:is(.dark, .cobalt, .is-dark, .is-cobalt, .site-footer, .family-hub-section) :focus-visible,
:is(.visual-work-card, .lab-strip, .case-next):focus-visible {
  outline-color: #ffffff;
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 2px var(--cobalt);
}

.hero-product-board .public-visual-note {
  max-width: calc(100% - 2.4rem);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.14);
  border-radius: 999px;
  background: rgba(11, 16, 32, 0.78);
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
  padding: 0.36rem 0.62rem;
  text-align: right;
}

.media-credit {
  border-radius: 999px;
  background: rgba(7, 11, 21, 0.76);
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
  padding: 0.35rem 0.58rem;
}

:where(.hero-copy, .section-lede, .case-intro, .about-copy .lead, .timeline-copy, .case-body > p) {
  max-width: 68ch;
}

html[data-lang="ko"] :where(.hero-copy, .section-lede, .case-intro, .about-copy .lead, .timeline-copy, .case-body > p) {
  max-width: 42rem;
}

.case-meta-list > div {
  grid-template-columns: minmax(7.75rem, 0.8fr) minmax(0, 1.8fr);
  align-items: baseline;
  gap: clamp(0.75rem, 1.5vw, 1.1rem);
  padding-block: 0.82rem;
}

.case-meta-list dt {
  font-size: 0.79rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.045em;
  line-height: 1.35;
  text-transform: none;
}

.case-meta-list dd {
  font-size: clamp(0.9rem, 0.35vw + 0.82rem, 0.98rem);
  line-height: 1.48;
}

.project-grid-2026 .project-meta,
.project-meta {
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  line-height: 1.48;
}

.is-dark .project-meta,
.is-cobalt .project-meta {
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.78);
}

.visual-work-status {
  font-size: clamp(0.76rem, 0.25vw + 0.7rem, 0.82rem);
  letter-spacing: 0.085em;
}

.visual-work-copy small {
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.84);
  font-size: clamp(0.8rem, 0.2vw + 0.76rem, 0.86rem);
  line-height: 1.45;
}

.lab-strip > span:nth-child(2) {
  display: grid;
  min-width: 0;
  gap: 0.42rem;
}

.lab-strip .lab-title,
.lab-strip .lab-caption {
  display: block;
}

.lab-strip .lab-caption {
  margin: 0;
  line-height: 1.45;
}

.project-index,
.principle-number,
.case-side-title .number {
  letter-spacing: 0.075em;
}

.family-hub-section .case-body > p,
.family-hub-section .collaboration-outcomes p {
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.78);
}

@media (max-width: 700px) {
  .case-meta-list > div {
    grid-template-columns: minmax(7.2rem, 0.7fr) minmax(0, 1.3fr);
  }
}

@media (max-width: 520px) {
  .case-meta-list > div {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 0.24rem;
    padding-block: 0.78rem;
  }

  .case-meta-list dd {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
  }

  .more-work-section .visual-work-grid {
    gap: 0.72rem;
  }

  .more-work-section .visual-work-card {
    height: 10.75rem;
    min-height: 10.75rem;
    border-radius: 1rem;
  }

  .more-work-section .visual-work-card > img {
    right: auto;
    width: 44%;
    object-fit: cover;
    padding: 0.65rem;
  }

  .more-work-section .visual-work-card::after {
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(7, 11, 21, 0.1) 18%, rgba(7, 11, 21, 0.95) 52%);
  }

  .more-work-section :is(.visual-work-status, .visual-work-copy) {
    right: 0.9rem;
    left: 46%;
  }

  .more-work-section .visual-work-status {
    top: 0.86rem;
    font-size: 0.68rem;
    line-height: 1.35;
  }

  .more-work-section .visual-work-copy {
    bottom: 0.86rem;
    gap: 0.32rem;
  }

  .more-work-section .visual-work-copy strong {
    font-size: 1.36rem;
    line-height: 1.02;
  }

  .more-work-section .visual-work-copy small {
    font-size: 0.74rem;
  }

  .prototype-gallery {
    display: flex;
    max-width: none;
    overflow-x: auto;
    gap: 0.75rem;
    margin-inline: calc(var(--gutter) * -1);
    padding: 0.25rem var(--gutter) 1rem;
    scroll-padding-left: var(--gutter);
    scroll-snap-type: x mandatory;
    scrollbar-color: var(--cobalt) transparent;
  }

  .prototype-capture-long,
  .prototype-capture-column {
    flex: 0 0 min(84vw, 21rem);
    width: min(84vw, 21rem);
    scroll-snap-align: start;
  }

  .prototype-scroll-window {
    height: 34rem;
  }
}